This is probably one of the most interesting issues around the whole affair, which is that the decision was made by a clearly uninformed electorate that was being lied to and misled by both sides and has been subject to right wing media propaganda for close to 20 odd years if not more.The last paragraph of this is the most important I think. It speaks to how you win referendums and elections - they are simply not won on philosophising and academic political analysis, despite how beneficial that may be.
I think that the remain and brexit camps were equally as guilty as each other in terms of mistruths and fear mongering because both were aware that campaigns are won on exactly that - that doesn't however mean that they weren't having more fruitful and complex discussions, debates in private and that those arguments didn't exist at all.
Few of the people in the pressure groups / think tanks that I have debated brexit with have ever resorted to "nationalistic sabre rattling" but that is simply because of the setting - if those same people are on the campaign trail then they would likely take that very tact simply because it is effective.
There is so much nuance to a question like EU membership, beyond anything that will ever be properly covered in something like a referendum. If you take that as an unfortunate reality then you have to decide whether it is worth having referendums often devoid of nuance Vs not having them at all and losing that direct democracy.
The average person had no real clue about the issues or the consequences, hell most of the politicians would not have predicted the farce that has happened in between. For the majority of people this was a vote purely on ideological grounds. Do we want to be part of a multi-national organisation or not? We chose not and my personal opinion is that this was from a self-inflated ego that Britain is the incredible country that can do whatever it wants. For me the reality is that we are nation that has been in decline for the last 60 years and we are trying to stay relevant in a modern world by trying to rekindle past glories and go backwards in time. From now on we only have ourselves to blame, though I'm sure that won't stop the politicians or papers scapegoating anyone they can.